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Global Mobility • Second Passports • Portugal

‘Grab what you can’:the global rush for second passports – and where Portugal fits in 2026

Explorer Investor Relations

Explorer Investor Relations

Golden Visa Hub • Residency & Citizenship Insights

Updated 6 January 2026

This article is based on CNN Travel’s feature “‘Grab what you can’: The global rush for second passports” by Julia Buckley (early 2026), and adapts that global analysis to focus specifically on Portugal, the Golden Visa and D7/D8 residency routes.

Original source: CNN Travel – “Grab what you can: The global rush for second passports”, Julia Buckley, 2026.

By 2026, second citizenships and “backup” passports are no longer a niche obsession of the ultra-rich. They’ve become an insurance policy for mobility, education and family security. CNN describes a genuine global rush for second passports. In this piece we unpack that trend and explain why Portugal still sits near the top of the list for rational Plan B strategies – whether through the Golden Visa or more traditional D7 and D8 residency routes.

Travellers holding multiple passports and looking at a map of Europe with Portugal highlighted as a Plan B

Macro trend

Second passports surging

Key markets

US, UK, India, China, Turkey

Main use

Plan B & EU mobility

Portugal’s role

Residency, not “cash-for-passport”

The core message from experts is simple: the fact you qualify for a second citizenship or European residency today does not mean you still will in five or ten years.

Why there’s a global rush for second passports

The CNN reporting makes one thing clear: this is no longer a fringe curiosity. Recent polling shows that around 1 in 5 Americans would like to emigrate, with younger women particularly likely to be considering a move. At the same time, leading citizenship and residency firms now report the US, UK, India, China and Turkey among their most active client nationalities.

The profile is no longer just ultra-high-net-worth individuals from unstable regimes. Increasingly, it’s professionals and families who want:

  • a legal way out if their home country deteriorates;
  • simpler mobility for work, business and investment;
  • better options for children’s education and long-term security;
  • a diversified “Plan B” that isn’t entirely tied to one passport or one political system.

The three main routes to a second citizenship

The CNN piece neatly summarises the three classic paths to a second citizenship. Portugal appears in this framework in quite a specific way.

2.1 Citizenship by descent

Many European countries – Ireland, Italy, Poland, Portugal and others – allow descendants of emigrants to reclaim citizenship. In practice:

  • you usually need full paper trails (birth, marriage and death certificates);
  • some countries cap how many generations back you can go or cut the line if an ancestor renounced citizenship;
  • legally it’s often complex, but financially it’s usually the cheapest route.

2.2 Naturalisation after years of residence

This is the classic path: get a residence permit, live legally in the country for a number of years, learn the language, keep a clean record and show integration. In Portugal, that typically means:

  • holding a visa such as D7, D8, D2 or a Golden Visa for a number of years;
  • renewing residency on time;
  • meeting physical-stay requirements (stricter for D7/D8 than for the Golden Visa);
  • eventually passing a Portuguese language exam and applying for citizenship if the law in force allows it.

2.3 Citizenship or residency by investment

The CNN article underlines how Europe has largely turned against “golden passports”. Malta, Cyprus, Bulgaria, Spain, Ireland and the UK have all scrapped or radically reworked their more transactional schemes. But:

  • several Caribbean and small states still offer citizenship in exchange for contributions or investments;
  • Portugal chose a different direction: a more conservative residency-by-investment model with regulatory oversight and a focus on real-economy impact.

Tightening rules: what changed in 2025–2026

One of the key takeaways from the CNN reporting is that the “supply side” is shrinking:

  • Italy issued an emergency decree sharply restricting citizenship by descent to fewer generations, triggering legal challenges;
  • Malta abolished its direct passport-for-investment scheme after an EU court ruling;
  • Spain ended its property-based golden visa, citing housing pressures;
  • Portugal shut down the real-estate route for new Golden Visa applicants and has adjusted its tax offering for new residents;
  • several countries are proposing longer residence periods before you can naturalise.

Even if you qualify for a second citizenship or European residency today, there is no guarantee that the same rules will still apply in a few years’ time.

Where Portugal sits in this new landscape

In contrast to pure “passport-for-sale” schemes, Portugal has emerged as one of the few EU countries with a credible residency-by-investment framework plus traditional residency options for retirees, remote workers and entrepreneurs.

In 2026, the picture roughly looks like:

  • Golden Visa – built around regulated funds, culture, research and business/job creation, with low stay requirements;
  • D7 – aimed at retirees and passive-income holders who genuinely want to live in Portugal;
  • D8 – for remote workers and digital nomads earning abroad but basing themselves in Portugal;
  • D2 – for entrepreneurs who want to build or expand a business in Portugal.

Portugal is not promising “instant passports”, but it does offer a balanced combination of solid residency + potential path to citizenship within an EU/OECD-compliant framework.

Using Portuguese residency as an “insurance policy”

CNN quotes advisors who describe a second passport – or strong residency – as a form of insurance against volatility. It’s not necessarily something you use immediately; it’s something you’re grateful to have when things go wrong.

For many families, a Portuguese residence permit can:

  • provide a legal place to go if their home country becomes unstable;
  • over time, unlock access to European healthcare and education systems;
  • give children the freedom to study and work in the EU without endless visa friction;
  • diversify assets into euros through funds, real estate or operating businesses.

Who a Portugal Plan B makes most sense for in 2026

Global professionals and digital nomads

They want to keep earning in USD, GBP or other strong currencies while enjoying Portugal’s lifestyle and relative affordability. For them, D8 (and sometimes D2) is often more relevant than any investment scheme.

HNW families looking for a long-term Plan B

They see Portuguese residency – especially via the Golden Visa – as a way to lock in mobility, education and security for the next generations without uprooting their lives immediately.

International retirees and passive-income households

They want to stabilise their retirement in a safe, mild-climate eurozone country with lower costs than many other Western European capitals. For them, the D7 usually offers a more direct and cost-efficient route than any investment program.

FAQs – second passports and Portugal

1. Is Portugal still a good option even as rules tighten?

Yes – in many ways, that’s the point. As other schemes collapse or get labelled as risky by EU institutions, Portugal’s mix of residency, oversight and EU alignment is exactly what many risk-aware families are looking for.

2. Should I wait for “more clarity” before I act?

Experience from Italy, Malta, Spain and Portugal itself suggests that waiting often means facing tougher rules later. Eligibility is not static – the window can become narrower, not wider.

3. What matters more: a second passport or secure residency in Portugal?

For most people, the first meaningful milestone is reliable residency in a stable EU country. A second passport – if and when it becomes possible – tends to be the cumulative outcome of years of life, investment and integration rather than a quick transaction.

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